MANILA, Philippines — The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Phivolcs) issued a stark warning Monday, citing a heightened risk of a steam-driven phreatic eruption at Kanlaon Volcano after a surge in seismic activity. The alert follows a dramatic increase in volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes, signaling growing pressure beneath the volcano’s surface.
Phivolcs Director Teresito Bacolcol reported that 72 VT earthquakes were recorded between midnight and 8 a.m. Monday, with some originating as deep as 12 kilometers. These tremors, caused by the fracturing of rocks under the volcano, indicate rising pressure or gas movement, potentially setting the stage for explosive activity.
“The threat is significantly higher now than in previous days,” Bacolcol said during a government briefing. “While we can’t predict with certainty, the data points to a clear and present danger.” He emphasized that the four-kilometer permanent danger zone around the volcano remains strictly off-limits to the public.
Adding to concerns, sulfur dioxide emissions nearly doubled from 1,122 tonnes on Saturday to 2,388 tonnes on Sunday, though still slightly below the volcano’s medium-term average of 2,500 tonnes per day. Bacolcol noted that the lower-than-average gas release could signal a dangerous clog in the volcano’s system, a phenomenon known as closed system degassing. “This blockage, combined with the spike in earthquakes, raises the likelihood of ash emissions or even a weak to moderate eruption,” he said.
Kanlaon Volcano, located on Negros Island, has been under close watch due to its history of unpredictable activity. Phivolcs urged nearby communities to remain vigilant and prepared for potential evacuation orders as the situation evolves. Authorities have stressed the importance of heeding warnings to avoid the danger zone, where sudden eruptions could pose immediate risks.
Bacolcol’s team continues to monitor the volcano around the clock, analyzing seismic data and gas emissions for any further signs of escalation. For now, residents and officials brace for what could be the next chapter in Kanlaon’s restless stirring.
